Richard Attenborough

Richard Samuel Attenborough, Baron Attenborough (/ˈætənbərə/ AT-ən-bər-rə; 29 August 1923 – 24 August 2014) was an English actor, film director, and producer. He won a total of two Academy Awards, four BAFTA Awards, and six Golden Globe Awards for his directing and acting career spanning seven decades. He was knighted in 1976 for services to film and in 1983 he received the BAFTA Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

As an actor, Attenborough is best remembered for his film roles in Brighton Rock (1948), I'm All Right Jack (1959), The Great Escape (1963), Seance on a Wet Afternoon (1964), The Sand Pebbles (1966), Doctor Dolittle (1967), 10 Rillington Place (1971), Jurassic Park (1993) and Miracle on 34th Street (1994). On stage, he appeared in the West End in 1952, originating the role of Detective Sergeant Trotter in Agatha Christie's murder mystery The Mousetrap, which has since become the longest-running play in London and the world.

For his directorial debut in Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), Attenborough was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Direction. He was additionally nominated for his films Young Winston (1972), A Bridge Too Far (1977) and Cry Freedom (1987). For the film Gandhi (1983), he received the Oscars for Best Picture and Best Director. The British Film Institute ranked Gandhi number 34 in its list of greatest British films of the 20th century. His later films include Chaplin (1992) (a biography of Charlie Chaplin), and a fifth collaboration with Anthony Hopkins in Shadowlands (1993).

Attenborough was the president of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), of which he was an alumnus, and the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), as well as life president of the Premier League club Chelsea. He joined the Royal Air Force during World War II and served in the film unit, going on several bombing raids over continental Europe and filming the conflict from the rear gunner's position. He was the older brother of broadcaster and nature presenter Sir David Attenborough and motor executive John Attenborough. He was married to actress Sheila Sim from 1945 until his death.